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Caustic soda. Sodium hydroxide
Species: clean
Specification
Name: Sodium hydroxide
Synonyms: caustic soda
Species: clean
Purity: min. 98.5%
Chemical formula: NaOH
Characteristic
In solid form it is a white substance with a crystalline structure. It has hygroscopic properties, it is also easily combined with carbon dioxide from the air (creating a coating of sodium carbonate), therefore it should be stored in tightly closed vessels.
It dissolves very well in water, emitting significant amounts of heat and forming a strongly caustic soda lye - a colorless, odorless and non-flammable liquid that reacts with acids, non-metal oxides and amphoteric hydroxides, forming sodium salts, it is slippery to touch and causes burns. It has a corrosive effect on metals, especially in the presence of moisture. It easily reacts with metals with amphoteric properties, giving off hydrogen, e.g. with aluminum and zirconium, creating clay and zirconates, respectively. It forms salts with weak organic acids, e.g. phenols and nitromethane. Non-NaOH undergoes disproportionation, eg white phosphorus boiled with NaOH solution gives phosphorus and phosphate, and sulfur dissolves in NaOH solution to form sulphide and sulfite.
Application
• the main component of preparations for clearing sewage pipes
• making soap
• manufacture of silica water glass
• production of detergents, dyes,
• production of artificial silk
• rubber production, rubber regeneration
• water treatment processes for industrial purposes
• refining of crude oil and mineral oils
• processing of liquid coking products
• paper industry
• an acidity regulator
Effects on the human body
Impact in the form of dust, steam or aerosol causes pain and watery eyes, burning sensation in the nose and throat, coughing, feeling of suffocation. Contamination of the skin causes pain, redness, chemical burn with blisters and necrosis. Extensive skin contamination can cause shock or collapse. Contamination of the eyes with dust or solution causes the destruction of the eye protection apparatus, burns of the eyeball - the cornea and deeper structures of the eye. Gastrointestinal intrusion causes a burn of the mucous membrane of the mouth and other parts of the gastrointestinal tract with the risk of damage or perforation of the walls, hemorrhage, shock and death. In case of poisoning, inhaled oxygen and pyralgine are administered parenterally with the following symptomatic treatment.
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